Cutter-head.



PATENTED JULY 17, 1906. E. S..& G. S. SHIMER;

CUTTER HEAD.

APPLICATION FILED DBO. 5. 1904.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

W N 5555- I [NVENTORS! Emer- J I) wag)" Altomeyf.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ELMER STOUT SHIMER AND GEORGE STOUT SHIMER, OF MILTON, PENN; SYLvANrA. ASSIGNORS TO SAMUEL J. SHIMER AND SONS, INCORPOL RATED, OF MILTON, PENNSYLVANIA.

CUTTER-HEAD.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 17, 1906.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, ELMER STOUT SHIMER and GEORGE STOUT SHIMER, citizens of the United States, residing at Milton, in the county of Northumberland and State of Pennsylvania, have invented new and useful Improvements in CutterHeads, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has relation to cutter-heads employing curved bits in contradistinction to straight bits, the curved bit being more serviceable for one quite obvious reason, which may be stated at the outset. The straight bit is sharpened from the under side at an angle of about sixty degrees, and this angle produces (unavoidably) a very frail cutting edge, considering the work the knife is required to perform. The curved bit, on the other hand, in a cutter-head, sharpened in exactly the same manner, presents a keen edge which has a slightly heavier backing of metal from the cutting edge rearwardly, the recession being on a curved line. In the latter case the backing-up metal of the cutter or cutting edge of the cutter is placed just where it belongs, though it calls for its highest serviceability for a differently-constructed head from that required for the straight bits, and these facts are to be clearly kept in mind in the description hereinafter given.

It is the object of the present invention to provide certain new features and improvements in existing features in cutter-heads employing curved bits to the end of rendering the said cutter-heads more serviceable and durable than heretofore and also making them easier and more nearly perfect in their mode of operation.

The improvements and their mode of operation will be fully described in the following specification in view of the annexed drawings, forming a part of this specification, of which Figure 1 is a perspective view of the improved cutter-head complete. Fig. 2 is an end view of the same. Fig. 3 is an end view of the naked cutterheadthat is, the cutterhead stripped of all of its e uipments. Fig.

' 4is aplanview of a separate bit or cutter and its base, which forms an integral part thereof. Fig. 5 is a sectional view looking on the end, the sectionbeing taken in the plane 5 5, Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a plan view of a clamp detached. Fig. 7 is a vertical sectional view of the cutter or bit and its base held between the clamps, the section of the latter being in the plane 6 6 of Fig. 8 and the clamping-bolt being shown in elevation. Fig. 8 is a side elevation of the cutter-head complete.

The same symbols of reference designate the same parts or features, as the case may be, wherever they occur.

In the drawings, 10 designates the head or stock, which may be of iron, brass, or steel, bored out with a central hole 11 to fit a revolving spindle. (Not shown.) The sides 12 of this head are turned ofl on a line or circle of larger radius than that common to the axis of the head, and this being so each side is necessarily turned separately, making four operations for a four-sided head, as indicated in the drawings, in connection particularly with the circular line 13 touching the sides of the wings 14. At the sides of the wing 14 there are cut wide circular depressions 15, which extend under the heel of the bit and forward end of the cutter, forming a throat for the ready expulsion of the chips and shavings.

The T-slot in which the clamp 16 operates is located a little ahead of the axial or central line, so as to throw the cutting edge 17 of the cutter 18 quite beyond or ahead of where it would otherwise run, thus avoiding or preventing the heel of the same cutter from striking the lumber or material being operated upon as the head revolves.

The dog or clamp 16 is made in two pieces 16 and 16 the latter being threaded for the reception of the threaded end of bolt 19 and the other having a sliding fit for the smooth part of the shank of the bolt. The lips or jaws 19 of the clamps 16 and 16 are cut with a bevel-edge groove 20 upon a circle correspond.- ing with the cooperating side of the head and are in form a perfect counterpart of the bevellips 21 upon the bases 18 of the bits or cutters. When the bolt in the dogs is drawn up, as it may be by the application of a wrench to the squared head 22 and turning it, the bit will be drawn down upon the curved face of the wings 14 of the head, and this adjustment and fastening can be made at any point along the line of the T-slot that it is desired it should be made, thus suiting it to various thicknesses of lumber that may be grooved or acted upon by the same bits.

The bits at the base are turned out upon a circle agreeing with the sides 12 and with that of the jaws. The knives or cutters 18 are, however, molded or set upon an angle to the grooved sides, as indicated in Fig. 4, so as to give the leading point of the cutter a clearance like the set in a saw-tooth. This is an important feature of the invention, as nearly every style or form of cutter will call for its special clearance to suit the shape of the work to be produced.

So far as we know, there never was prior to our present invention a curved bit made or molded at an angle to its own base.

The improved cutter-head herein shown, described, and claimed is used for tonguing, grooving, and molding lumber to suit various designs, limited only by the extent and variety of the curved bits which are molded upon their contours to suit the exact outline of the work to be produced. It may be further stated in an incidental way to assist in giving a clear understanding of the improvements effected that in cutter-heads generally in which curved bits have heretofore been employed the bits were made in plain rings about four inches to six inches in diameter, and about four bits would then be cut out of a single ring after being turned. This would cause the curve to be short and unsuitable for a head constructed after the plan we here give. To secure the ends we aim at, the knives must be on a longer or larger curve.

In describing the bit or cutter and its base, particularly if the same should be detached from other parts, it might not be regarded as unreasonable to speak of the bit as forming a rib on the base, the forward end of which rib constitutes the knife or cutting part, and, moreover, that the rib runs at an angle to the base to provide clearance.

Explanation might be given of different arrangements of the cutters for different uses; but enough, it is thought, has been said to enable any one skilled in the art to fully understand these things clearly, particularly when the drawings are carefully examined in view of the thereof.

In order that the form of cutter-head herein shown and described may be fully and clearly understood, it is added that a cutterhead is always made of a diameter to suit the machine upon which it must work, and the diameter varies from four to nine and onehalf inches, according to the style of the machine. Now it makes no difference whether the head is four or nine and one-half inches, since the sides 12 of the heads are turned off on a line or circle of a larger radius than that common to the axis of the head. For instance, take a four-inch headthat is, the solid part of the head-the radius common to that head would be two inches; but we set the head eccentric upon the face-plate of the lathe, so as to turn off the face or side 12 upon present explanation a radius of a six-inch or a twelve-inch diame ter. The cutter is made upon the same cirele or radius, so as to fit upon the head side. Now whether the head is four inches or nine and one-half inches the radius common to the circle or curved head side 12 is six inches, and by reason of this the knives, or rather the bases which support them, will fit upon the small as well as upon the large size heads and be thoroughly interchangeable. This construction, it will be seen, enhances the serviceability of the head.

It is to be understood, of course, that when 7 mention is made of the sides or faces of the cutter-head which are turned off on a line or circle of larger radius than that common to the head only those surfaces are referred to which form a support for the bases of the bits, and these surfaces are of the same form from top to bottom of the head, so that the bit may be adjusted or secured upon said surfaces at any point vertically within the scope allowed by the size of the head. It isto be observed, moreover, in addition to what has already been explained with respect to the bits and their bases, by which the said bits or cutters are secured to their operating means to connect the cutters integrally, all that need be done is to get the bases of the cutters in proper positiona thing that is easily performed. Even where the cutters alone are required to be properly placed and secured on the cutter-head much skill and time is required.

We claim 1. The cutter and its base, combined with the cutter-head to which the base is adapted to be secured, said cutter being connected to the base at an angle to its line of movement,

' whereby the leading point of the cutter is given the effect of the set in a saw-tooth.

2. A cutter-head provided with clam ingfaces, a base fitting the said clampingaces, of a rib on the base running at an angle thereto to provide clearance, and whose end constitutes the knife or cutting part.

3. A base and a curved rib thereon forming an integral part thereof, the said rib running at an angle to the base to provide clearance, and whose end constitutes the knife or cutter.

4. A base and a curved bit formed as a rib on the base and constituting an integral part thereof, the rib being formed at an angle to the sides of the base for clearance in the cut, and whose forward end constitutes the knife or cutter.

In testimony whereof we affix our signatures in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

Witnesses:

A. KERR,

WM. P. WENDLE. 1 'I 

